Trotz Flüchtlingswelle: Ein Punktesystem für Zuwanderung

Die deutsche Zuwanderungsdiskussion ist in Bewegung – nicht erst seit der jüngsten Flüchtlingswelle. Erfordert eine angemessene Reaktion auf den zunehmenden Mangel an Fachkräften weitere Verbesserungen im Zuwanderungsrecht wie etwa die Einführung eines aktiven Auswahlverfahrens für Zuwanderer aus nichteuropäischen Staaten („Punktesystem“)?

Eine gerade veröffentlichte Studie plädiert für eine derartige Reform und unterbreitet einen konkreten Gestaltungsvorschlag unter Einbeziehung eines Punktesystems. Nach Ansicht der Autoren kann ein solches Konzept einen doppelt positiven Effekt erzielen und ist damit der bestehenden, insgesamt noch zu intransparenten Gesetzgebung überlegen:

  • Erstens wird deutlich, für welche Fachkräfte sich Deutschland öffnet.
  • Zweitens wird klar, dass Deutschland die Zuwanderung in den Arbeitsmarkt aus Drittstaaten aktiv selbst gestaltet und sie nicht nur passiv hinnimmt.

Holger Hinte, Ulf Rinne und Klaus F. Zimmermann: Punkte machen?! Warum Deutschland ein aktives Auswahlsystem für ausländische Fachkräfte braucht und wie ein solches System aussehen kann, Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, 2016, 17(1): 68-87. Pre-publication version.

Schlüsselwörter: Zuwanderungspolitik; Zuwanderungsgesetz; Auswahlverfahren; Punktesystem; Fachkräftemangel; demografischer Wandel.

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Evaluating EU Policies by Micro-econometric Methods

19 May 2016; Brussels, Berlaymont. The EU Commission launches an important step to strengthen the instruments to judge and improve EU policies. The successful “Centre for Research on Impact Evaluation” (CRIE) will become the “Competence Centre on Microeconomic Evaluation” (CC-ME).

The initiative is discussed and presented at a workshop on

“The role of microeconomic evaluation in ex-post impact quantification of EU policies”

For the program and the list of high – ranked speakers and participants see the website.

Klaus F. Zimmermann (Bonn Graduate School of Economics, Harvard University and UNU-MERIT) will speak in the session on “The practice of policy impact evaluation outside the European Commission”.

The purpose of this half day event is to bring together policymakers, analysts and researchers from the European Commission, international organizations, think tanks and academia, to discuss the role of quantitative, ex-post evaluation of policy impacts in the European policy process.

The event will also see the launch of the European Commission’s Competence Centre on Microeconomic Evaluation. The Commission’s focus on quantification of EU policy results generates on the one hand demand for transversal, robust, objective and transparent impact evaluation tools; on the other hand it calls for an increased accessibility to existing administrative micro-data sources to foster microeconomic impact evaluations.

By bringing together relevant policy and scientific expertise across the Commission, the Competence Centre on Microeconomic Evaluation will help ensure that both appropriate counterfactual methods and micro-data sources are used in a systematic way across the Commission policy cycle. Quantitative evaluation of EU policies across a variety of socio-economic outcomes could greatly contribute to the Better Regulation agenda, the European Semester and the targeting of the European Structural Investment Funds.

The Competence Centre will serve as a focal point of reference to support policy-making across a wide range of areas of impact evaluation of EU policies, by providing advice on data collection and evaluation design, capacity building on counterfactual methods, microeconometric analysis and counterfactual impact evaluation. It will also provide infrastructure for evaluation knowledge management, in the form of a (Micro)Data Bank and an Evaluations Bank.

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The Fate of Empirical Economics When All Data Are Private

Society of Government Economists Annual Conference 2016

  • Washington, DC. May 13, 2016. Organized by the US “Society of Government Economists” (SGE), the annual conference took place at the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) in Washington DC. Program
  • The very successful conference with a remarkable set of excellent paper presentations and a large audience was opened by President Amelie Constant (Temple University) in the Janet Norwood Conference Center of BLS. The local organizer was Susan D. Fleck (Bureau of Labor Statistics). Recent elections had confirmed the SGE Board in office, including the second re-election of President Amelie Constant, who will be in office for her third period until 2017.
  • The keynote speaker was John Abowd (Census Bureau and Cornell University), who spoke about “The Fate of Empirical Economics When All Data Are Private“. The slides of his amazing lecture can be found here (with permission).

John Abowd and President Amelie Constant

SGE 2016 Abowd and Constant

SGE 2016 Abowd and Constant

  • At the conference, Klaus F. Zimmermann (Harvard University and UNU-MERIT) had presented papers on:
  • Left Behind but Doing Good? Civic Engagement in Two Post-Socialist Countries” with Milena Nikolova (IZA) and Monica Roman (Bucharest University). More info here.
  • The European Refugee Crisis: Policy Challenges and Perspectives“ More info here.

John Abowd and Klaus F. Zimmermann

SGE 2016 Abowd and Zimmermann

SGE 2016 Abowd and Zimmermann

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Transition Economics: Left behind but doing good?

In a new research paper, the authors document that migration can affect the values and norms of those left behind at home. This is shown for two post-socialist countries (Bulgaria & Romania):

Left Behind but Doing Good? Civic Engagement in Two Post-Socialist Countries

by Milena Nikolova (IZA and Brookings Institution); Monica Roman (Bucharest University of Economic Studies and IZA); and Klaus F. Zimmermann (Harvard  University, UNU-MERIT and Bonn University). The paper has been accepted for publication in the

Journal of Comparative Economics

The abstract is below. The online version of the Journal can be accessed here.  A pre-publication version can be found here. See also a recent Gallup Blog. And a related  Linkedin blog.

Abstract

The fall of socialism in Central and Eastern Europe restored ordinary citizens’ rights and freedoms and ended their political and social isolation. While the freedom of movement was quickly embraced, civil society revival lagged due to the eroded civic norms, declining social capital, and worsening economic conditions. This paper examines the link between the out-migration of relatives and friends and the pro-social behavior of the left behinds in two post-socialist countries—Bulgaria and Romania—the EU’s poorest, and among the least happy and most corrupt member states. It shows that having close contacts abroad is consistently positively associated with civic engagement and that the cultural transmission of norms from abroad could be driving the results. Specifically, the strength of the civic engagement culture of the family or friend’s destination matters for the pro-social behavior of respondents in the home countries. The results imply that the emigration of family and friends may have positive but previously undocumented consequences for the individuals and communities left behind in Bulgaria and Romania. Given civil society’s role for development in post-socialist Europe and the socio-economic and institutional challenges that Bulgaria and Romania face compared with the rest of the EU, understanding the channels fostering civil society and well-being are important for national and EU policymakers.

 

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Zimmermann speaks in Washington DC

  • Emerging Diaspora Opportunities and Challenges

  • Washington, DC. May 10, 2016. Organized by KNOMAD (Global Knowledge Partnership on Migration and Development) & the World Bank, a workshop on “Emerging Diaspora Opportunities and Challenges: Host and Home Countries” takes place: Concept note and program.
  • Klaus F. Zimmermann (Harvard University and UNU-MERIT) will present and discuss in the session “First generation, second generation diaspora: mobility, opportunities and challenges“.
  •  The debate will include recent efforts to obtain a better understanding of the demographic profile and educational and income mobility (particularly given the recent participation of diaspora youth in conflicts in the Middle East). The panelists will discuss the importance of labor market integration challenges and strategies for advancing first generation migration who do not fit into their new society and second generation diaspora that is not integrated.
  • Society of Government Economists Annual Conference

  • Washington, DC. May 13, 2016. Organized by the US “Society of Government Economists” (SGE), the annual conference will take place at the US Bureau of Labor Statistics in Washington DC. The conference will be opened by President Amelie Constant (Temple University). The keynote speaker is John Abowd (Census Bureau and Cornell University), who will speak about “The Fate of Empirical Economics When All Data Are Private“. Program and register.
  • Klaus F. Zimmermann (Harvard University and UNU-MERIT) will present papers on:
  • Left Behind but Doing Good? Civic Engagement in Two Post-Socialist Countries” with Milena Nikolova (IZA) and Monica Roman (Bucharest University)
  • The European Refugee Crisis: Policy Challenges and Perspectives

 

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Arbeit und Digitalisierung

“Werden wir Zeugen einer digitalen Revolution, die unsere Arbeitswelt schon bald auf den Kopf stellt? Wir können nicht mit Sicherheit sagen, wie unsere Arbeitswelt von morgen aussehen wird, aber der Wandel ist da. Heute produziert das größte Medienunternehmen
der Welt keine eigenen Inhalte (Facebook), der weltweit größte Anbieter vonUnterkünften besitzt keine eigenen Immobilien (Airbnb) und das größte Taxiunternehmen der Welt hat keine eigenen Fahrzeuge (Uber). Diese Entwicklungen verdeutlichen, wie sehr sich unsere Welt bereits gewandelt hat. Sie könnten die Vorboten von noch radikaleren Veränderungen sein.” (Rinne/Zimmermann, 2016, S.3)

Die neueste Ausgabe von “Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte” (APuZ), der Beilage zur Wochenzeitung “Das Parlament“, beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema “Arbeit und Digitalisierung“. Der Leitbeitrag stammt von

Ulf Rinne und Klaus F. Zimmermann: Die digitale Arbeitswelt von heute und morgen, Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte” (APuZ), 66. Jahrgang, 18-19, 2. Mai 2016, 3 – 9.

Der Gesamttext der Ausgabe kann kostenfrei bei der Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung abgerufen werden oder ist auch hier verfügbar.

Der Beitrag steht auch im Kontext zu einer Öffentlichen Ansprache von                   Klaus F. Zimmermann zum International Labor Day May 2015 über                                  “The Big Trade-Off in the World of Labor”                                                                  (Linkedin Comment, TextVIDEO)

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Videos on Gender/Race Wage Gaps & Diaspora Economics

Middlebury College: On April 16, 2016,  a Symposium on “The Economics of Skin Tone, Gender, Ethnicity, and Diaspora“ took place under the direction of Professor Phanindra V. Wunnava of Middlebury College. Some pictures of the event.

The videos of both keynotes are now available:

The keynote of Solomon W. Polachek (SUNY-Binghamton) addressed the issue Gender/Racial Wage Gaps: Not Too Well-Known Trends & Explanations.

Klaus F. Zimmermann (Harvard University and UNU – MERIT), spoke about Diaspora Economics: Global Challenges and Perspectives.

Professor Phanindra Wunnava of Middlebury College had been the organizer and chairman of the event.

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A round trip: Harvard, Columbia, Yale, Harvard

The 16th week of 2016 was full of remarkable exchanges.

  • April 19, 2016: Chair of the Seminar of Miriam Meckel, Editor-in-Chief of the “Wirtschaftswoche”, at the Center for European Studies, Harvard University. See also.
  • April 19, 2016: Spoke at dinner event of Columbia University in the honor of Jan Svejnar, who received the IZA Prize in Labor Economics 2015. After Jacob Mincer, the first prize winner, “The prize is now back to Columbia University”. Nobel Prize Winner Jo Stiglitz (see below), who was the host of the evening, gave a long review of the remarkable achievements of Jan and his role in forming “Transition Economics” at the time when Europe badly needed this. Jan Svejnar gave many insights in his life and career. See below, in the back the lights of New York. Place: School of International and Public Affairs, SIPA, Columbia University.
  • April 20- 23, 2016: Research visit to New Haven, Yale University (see below in front of the Yale School of Public Health). Various contacts and exchanges with colleagues on health, development and European integration.

School of International and Public Affairs, SIPA, Columbia University.

Jo Stiglitz

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Jan Svejnar

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Yale University, New Haven

160422 Yale

End

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SOS for Serendipity: “Wirtschaftswoche” Editor-in-Chief Miriam Meckel at Harvard University

Miriam Meckel, Editor-in-Chief of the influential German weekly economics magazine “Wirtschaftswoche”, and former Professor of Corporate Communication at the University of St Gallen, speaks on April 19, 2016 at the Center for European Studies, Harvard University. The seminar at Harvard is chaired by Klaus F. Zimmermann, Harvard University and UNU – MERIT, on leave from Bonn University.

The topic of Meckel is “European Enlightenment Values at Stake: Why Individualized Information is Dangerous” elaborating from her recent book and Linkedin articles in English and German.

Meckel outlines the dangers of a future where human emotions and chance decisions are replaced by technological algorithms. In discussing Europe’s refugee and debt crises, as well as in many other current battles of ideas, these calculations have buried serendipity and discovery in a way that threatens the liberal virtues of the Enlightenment. While the Enlightenment championed skepticism and intellectual exchange, the new digital world of data-tracking, automatization, and personalization can create and harden impenetrable silos of opinions. As a consequence, serendipity might be buried.

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Skin Tone, Gender, Ethnicity, and Diaspora

Middlebury College: On April 16, 2016,  a Symposium on “The Economics of Skin Tone, Gender, Ethnicity, and Diaspora“ took place under the direction of Professor Phanindra V. Wunnava of Middlebury College. Everybody enjoyed the high quality presentations and the discussions.

In the morning, Professor Phanindra Wunnava had introduced the theme of the conference. He also presented the two keynote speakers and chaired the discussions in their sessions.

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The keynote of Solomon W. Polachek (SUNY-Binghamton) addressed the issue “Gender/Racial Wage Gaps: Not Too Well-Known Trends & Explanations”.

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Klaus F. Zimmermann (Harvard University and UNU – MERIT), spoke about “Diaspora Economics: Global Challenges and Perspectives”.

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