Thepaperuses an overlapping generations model to show that young agents reduce their fertility when longevity increases because they need to save more for their old age (“life-cycle effect”), and in the unexpected case, they also need to pay taxes to support the impoverished elderly (“policy effect”).
Schön, M.: Demographic change and the rate of return in pay-as-you-go pension systems. Journal of Population Economics (March 2023). OPEN ACCESS. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00938-0
Huang, C., Li, C., Liu, F. et al.: Vaccination and risky behaviors: evidence from the hepatitis B vaccination campaign in China. Journal of Population Economics (March 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00942-4 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c88yM
Congdon Fors, H., Lindskog, A.: Son preference and education inequalities in India: the role of gender-biased fertility strategies and preferential treatment of boys. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00941-5 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Del Rey, E. & Silva, J.I.: Child care costs, household liquidity constraints, and gender inequality. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00936-2 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Lattanzio, S.: Behind the child penalty: understanding what contributes to the labour market costs of motherhood. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00937-1 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c5ZFr
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on Unexpected longevity, intergenerational policies, and fertility. Article just published in the Journal of Population Economics.
Thepaper investigates two coinciding independent developments that differ in structure and persistence: A longevity effect caused by an increasing life expectancy and a cohort effect caused by fluctuations in the size of cohorts.
Huang, C., Li, C., Liu, F. et al.: Vaccination and risky behaviors: evidence from the hepatitis B vaccination campaign in China. Journal of Population Economics (March 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00942-4 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c88yM
Congdon Fors, H., Lindskog, A.: Son preference and education inequalities in India: the role of gender-biased fertility strategies and preferential treatment of boys. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00941-5 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Del Rey, E. & Silva, J.I.: Child care costs, household liquidity constraints, and gender inequality. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00936-2 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Lattanzio, S.: Behind the child penalty: understanding what contributes to the labour market costs of motherhood. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00937-1 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c5ZFr
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on Demographic change and the rate of return in pay-as-you-go pension systems. Article just published in the Journal of Population Economics.
Huang, C., Li, C., Liu, F. et al.: Vaccination and risky behaviors: evidence from the hepatitis B vaccination campaign in China. Journal of Population Economics (March 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00942-4 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c88yM
Congdon Fors, H., Lindskog, A.: Son preference and education inequalities in India: the role of gender-biased fertility strategies and preferential treatment of boys. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00941-5 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Del Rey, E. & Silva, J.I.: Child care costs, household liquidity constraints, and gender inequality. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00936-2 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Lattanzio, S.: Behind the child penalty: understanding what contributes to the labour market costs of motherhood. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00937-1 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c5ZFr
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on The morbidity costs of air pollution through the Lens of Health Spending in China. Just published in the Journal of Population Economics.
The paper findslower alcohol use during adulthood by men, and those from educated families and urban areas.
Huang, C., Li, C., Liu, F. et al.: Vaccination and risky behaviors: evidence from the hepatitis B vaccination campaign in China. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00942-4 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c88yM Handling JOPE Editor:Xi Chen
Just published online:
Congdon Fors, H., Lindskog, A.: Son preference and education inequalities in India: the role of gender-biased fertility strategies and preferential treatment of boys. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00941-5 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Del Rey, E. & Silva, J.I.: Child care costs, household liquidity constraints, and gender inequality. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00936-2 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Lattanzio, S.: Behind the child penalty: understanding what contributes to the labour market costs of motherhood. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00937-1 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c5ZFr
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on Vaccination and risky behaviors: evidence from the hepatitis B vaccination campaign in China. Just published in the Journal of Population Economics.
The paper finds strong impacts of gender-biased fertility strategies on education inequalities between girls and boys.
Congdon Fors, H., Lindskog, A.: Son preference and education inequalities in India: the role of gender-biased fertility strategies and preferential treatment of boys.
Authors: Heather Congdon Fors and Annika Lindskog Handling JOPE Editor: Kompal Sinha
Just published online:
Casarico, A., Del Rey, E. & Silva, J.I.: Child care costs, household liquidity constraints, and gender inequality. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00936-2 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Lattanzio, S.: Behind the child penalty: understanding what contributes to the labour market costs of motherhood. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00937-1 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c5ZFr
The paper shows that liquidity constraints that prevent households from buying child care generate an inefficiency and amplify gender gaps in the labour market.
Casarico, A., Del Rey, E. & Silva, J.I.: Child care costs, household liquidity constraints, and gender inequality.
Authors: Alessandra Casarico, Elena Del Rey & Jose I. Silva Handling JOPE Editor: Gregory Ponthiere
Just published online:
Congdon Fors, H., Lindskog, A. Son preference and education Inequalities in India: the role of gender-biased fertility strategies and preferential treatment of boys. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00941-5 OPEN ACCESS
Casarico, A., Lattanzio, S. Behind the child penalty: understanding what contributes to the labour market costs of motherhood. Journal of Population Economics (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-023-00937-1 Link to free read: https://rdcu.be/c5ZFr
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on Child care costs, household liquidity constraints, and gender inequality. A new paper published in the Journal of Population Economics.
February 24, 2023: “The Russian invasion of Ukraine has evolved from a ‘military special operation’ into a protracted brutal war. It divides the larger world, far beyond Europe, endangering further progress in the path of humanity. The belief that economic prosperity on all sides is the best guarantee for peace in Europe turned out to be an illusion. Europe needs to invest much more in military strength. Countries have the undisputable right to live in secure borders. Ukraine therefore needs to win this war. As part of the European family, the country has to become a member of the EU and be part of an effective military security system.”
February 28, 2022: “The current tragedy in Europe marks some of the darkest days on this continent since WWII. It has made us speechless for a few days and upset. We deeply feel with the people and express the strongest solidarity on all levels possible. The world has changed, and so do policies. With the huge global long-term implications of this conflict, globalization, international understanding and collaborations remain key for the future wellbeing of the world. We need to strongly continue our efforts. The Ukraine deserves EU membership as part of any political solution.”
Klaus F. Zimmermann (2022). “Zeitenwende und die Schatten der Geschichte. Implikationen für wissenschaftliche Kooperationen in der ‚herausgeforderten‘ Globalisierung.” Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung 91 (4), 57-66. Pre-publication version. Published, journal website.
English abstract
For years, the promotion of international scientific cooperation was considered the silver bullet of research policy. The Russian war of aggression and the resulting global polarization has undoubtedly increased the need to keep a closer eye on conflicts of interest and violations of ethical principles. Scientific diplomacy remains important and is needed. The central challenges of the world are of a global nature, they can therefore only be successfully tackled through international cooperation. Economic mechanisms (e. g. the advantages of the division of labor) favor globalization, and its power cannot be ignored in the long run. Science is also a public good, so it has to be organized internationally. In the future, however, there will be even more scientific cooperation between the states of the “New West”. The instruments of scientific cooperation remain unchanged. However, they will inevitably have a stronger regional focus and be more deeply politically anchored. The forthcoming more intense political regulations may cause conflicts of interest with the principle of independence of science. Although policymakers will have more guidelines for their scientific advisors, their international cooperation will continue to make a significant contribution to the quality of scientific advice.
RESEARCH freely accessible through the provided links.
Research from better times on the Ukraine: (i) 2013 – 2014 on the EaP countries undertaken for the EU commission and (ii) work on the Ukrainian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. IZA’s Founding Director Klaus F. Zimmermann was a co-leader of this research and supported the creation of the survey.
Eastern Partnership Migrants in Germany: Outcomes, Potentials and Challenges; IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, 3:7 (2014); Costanza Biavaschi & Klaus F. Zimmermann “We find that EaP migrants experience worse labor market outcomes than other migrant groups, but current and potential migrants hold qualifications in those areas were skill shortages are expected.”
Migration from the Eastern Partnership Countries to the European Union — Options for a Better Future; IZA Research Report, No. 55, Bonn 2013 (50 pages); Luca Barbone, Martin Kahanec, Lucia Kureková & Klaus F. Zimmermann “As a result of the analysis and findings of this project, we propose a gradual liberalisation of mobility between the European Union and the Eastern Partnership countries as a first-best policy alternative.”
The Russian-Ukrainian Earnings Divide; Economics of Transition, 20 (2012), pp. 1-35; Amelie F. Constant, Martin Kahanec & Klaus F. Zimmermann “we find a persistent and increasing labour market divide between ethnic Russians and Ukrainians throughout Ukraine’s transition era. We establish that language, rather than nationality, is the key factor behind this ethnic premium favouring Russians.”
The Russian-Ukrainian Political Divide; Eastern European Economics, 49 (2011), pp. 97-109; Amelie F. Constant, Martin Kahanec & Klaus F. Zimmermann “Analysis using unique micro data collected prior to the revolution finds that voting preferences for the forces of the forthcoming Orange Revolution were strongly driven by preferences for political and economic reforms but were also independently significantly affected by ethnicity, specifically, language and nationality. Russian speakers, as opposed to Ukrainian speakers, were significantly less likely to vote for the Orange Revolution, and nationality had similar effects.”
***
2017: Keynote of Zimmermann on “Migration & Wellbeing” at an International Conference in Kyiv: Info-Link
The paper shows that the long-run child penalty in annual earnings is 52 log points and the penalty largely depends on the reduction in weeks worked by mothers.
Casarico, A., Lattanzio, S.: Behind the child penalty: understanding what contributes to the labour market costs of motherhood.
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on Understanding the labour market costs of motherhood: A new paper published in the Journal of Population Economics
Author Abstract: Cognitive misperception contributed to poor decision-making; yet their impact on health-related decisions is less known. We examined how self-perceived memory was associated with chronic disease awareness among older Chinese adults. Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Nationally representative blood biomarkers identify participants’ dyslipidemia and diabetes status. Among participants with biomarker identified dyslipidemia or diabetes, disease awareness was defined as self-reported diagnosis of the conditions. The proportions of disease awareness were lower for individuals with better self-perceived memory and those with more impaired cognitive ability, showing opposite patterns. Controlling for cognitive ability and covariates, self-perceived memory was negatively associated with the dyslipidemia and diabetes awareness. In particular, older adults with the highest level of self-perceived memory had significantly lower disease awareness as compared to those with the lowest level of self-perceived memory. Our findings were robust to alternative cognitive measures and were stronger for less educated rural residents or those living without children. Cognitive misperception poses great challenges to chronic disease management. Targeted interventions and supports are needed, particularly for the disadvantaged.
The Global Labor Organization (GLO) is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate global research, debate and collaboration.
We mourn the passing of Rebecca M. Blank, September 19, 1955 to February 17, 2023.
Top labor economist, academic administrator and policymaker with many rewards and very wide recognition. Great colleague, strong scientist, passionate policymaker, with strong social competence.
Her research covered labor supply, unemployment, the role of gender and race, poverty, and inequality in general. She studied public policies and welfare reforms to deal with these issues.
She also supported transatlantic relationships through her affiliations with DIW Berlin, DIW DC, IZA and as a GLO Fellow. We owe her quite a lot.
Blank, R.M. Changes in inequality and unemployment over the 1980s comparative cross-national responses. Journal of Population Economics 8, 1–21 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00172035. Free to read: https://rdcu.be/c5Wp1
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