A new GLO Discussion Paperstudying the experiences from the last European Union enlargement rounds suggests that immigration restrictions just lead to the use of alternative channels of entry.
The Global Labor Organization (GLO)
is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that
functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate
global research, debate and collaboration.
Author Abstract: The paper contributes to the on-going debates concerning the effectiveness of immigration policies, by investigating the case of the transitional arrangements implemented during the European Union enlargement rounds of 2004 and 2007. It has been argued that instead of deterring immigration, the arrangements rather altered the channels of entry. The hypothesis is that, as self-employed workers were not subjected to the transitional arrangements, these migrants used self-employment as a strategy to circumvent restrictions. Our results suggest that this might indeed have been the case post-2007, but not post-2004. We argue that in the latter case, migrants did not need to use self-employment as a strategy, because of alternative, restrictions-free destinations like Ireland and the UK. Our results point to the importance of immigration policies in shaping destination choices and have implications for future EU enlargement rounds.
Author Abstract: Existing studies have established a positive correlation between a married woman’s work behavior and her mother-in-law’s. Such linkage is attributable to the profound influence of maternal employment on son’s gender role preferences or household productivity. This paper systematically investigates the relative importance of the two potential mechanisms using the Chinese survey data. We show that a substantive part of the intergenerational correlation is left unexplained even if we control for the husband’s gender role attitudes. Instead, we find that the husband’s household productivity is more crucial in the wife’s work decision, suggesting the dominance of the endowment channel over the preference channel.
Read also the Lead Article of issue 4 (2019): Gautam Hazarika, Chandan Kumar & Sudipta Sarangi: “Ancestral ecological endowments and missing women“ Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 32 (2019), Issue 4 (October), pp. 1101-1123 Journal Website, complete issue 4. Paper PDF – OPEN ACCESS. GLO Fellows Gautam Hazarika, Chandan Kumar Jha & Sudipta Sarangi
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on August 22, 2019. Endowment dominates preferences: Women’s work behavior across generations. Study published in the Journal of Population Economics.
Global Labor Organization (GLO) invites
interested young scholars to apply for participation in the
2019-20 GLO Virtual Young
Scholars Program (GLO VirtYS)
Application deadline: September 20, 2019, 5 pm GMT
About
GLO: The Global Labor Organization
(GLO) is a global, independent, non-partisan and
non-governmental organization that has no institutional position. The GLO
functions as an international network and
virtual platform for researchers, policy makers, practitioners
and the general public interested in scientific research and its
policy and societal implications on global labor markets,
demographic challenges and human resources. These topics are defined broadly in
line with its Mission to embrace the global diversity of labor markets,
institutions, and policy challenges, covering advanced economies as well as
transition and less developed countries.
Program’s
Goal: In the spirit of
the GLO Mission, the GLO VirtYS program’s goal is to contribute to the
development of the future generation of researchers, who are committed to the creation
of policy-relevant research, are well equipped to work in collaboration with
policy makers and other stakeholders, and adhere to the highest standards of
academic integrity. This goal is achieved through the process of working on a
specific research paper within the duration of the program, which is 9 months.
Program’s
Advisory Board:
Jan van Ours, Professor of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics Rotterdam, Netherlands, & Professorial Fellow, University of Melbourne, Australia
Marco Vivarelli, Professor at the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore in Milano and Director of the Department of Economic Policy
Le Wang, Chong K. Liew Chair and Professor & President’s Associates Presidential Professor, University of Oklahoma, USA
Klaus F. Zimmermann, Professor Emeritus, Bonn University, UNU-MERIT & President of GLO
GLO VirtYS Program Director:
Dr Olena Nizalova, Senior Research Fellow (Associate Professor) in Health Economics at the University of Kent and Director of the Q-StepProgram.
Program’s
Activities:
Virtual kick-off meeting of all
the participants and Thematic Cluster advisors, who will be appointed by the participating
Cluster leads to match closely participants’ research interests.
One-to-one activities with the
Thematic Cluster Advisor will be agreed upon at the beginning of the
scholarship period in an Individual Research Plan. These activities at a
minimum shall include 2-3 virtual consultations, 1 review round of the
completed research work and a discussion of the amendments (if needed) to
follow up.
Provide
a virtual platform for the GLO VirtYS program participants to present their findings and receive feedback
from their peers and the GLO wider community.
The scholarship will conclude in
June 2020,
when the GLO Management Board will make a decision on whether to extend an
invitation to the graduate of the GLO Virtual Scholar Program to join the
organization
as a GLO Fellow,
based on the recommendation from their Thematic Cluster Advisors and evaluation of the GLO VirtYS
Advisory Board.
Research
proposals are invited within one of the following GLO thematic clusters:
All GLO VirtYS program participants will be appointed GLO Affiliates, if they are not already, and receive a GLO Bio page.
GLO VirtYS program participants will be listed with pictures on the glabor.org website of the program.
Feedback on their research from leading researchers in the area of their interest.
Networking opportunities with researchers from other countries within the same area and beyond.
(Priority) access to GLO activities.
Interactions with the scholars of the cohort, program’s alumni, and the future cohorts.
Opportunity to promote own research via GLO channels.
Completed research paper ready for submission to the GLO Discussion Paper series.
Possibility of promotion to GLO Fellow after exceptional performance.
Eligibility
criteria:
Applicant must be either currently enrolled in a doctoral program or be within 3 years after graduation as evidenced by the letter from the degree awarding institution or a degree certificate.
Applicant must be at an advanced stage of the analysis of a specific research question within the corresponding GLO Thematic Cluster to which he/she is applying as evidenced by the submitted draft.
Applicant must be supported by a letter of endorsement from either one of the GLO Fellows or from the administration of one of the GLO supporting institutions.
Selection procedure:
The GLO Virtual Young Scholars will be selected by a Scientific Selection Committee consisting of the GLO VirtYS Program Director, GLO thematic cluster leads participating in the current year, and a member of the GLO Management Board.
The results of selection of the GLO VirtYS program will be posted on the GLO site www.glabor.org by October 1, 2019. Scholars will be notified via email. In the 2019-20 academic year we expect to select 3-5 scholars.
The final research paper should be submitted by May 31st, by 5 pm GMT.
Upon completion of the program and based on the quality of the produced research paper, some of the GLO VirtYS programme graduates may be invited to become GLO Fellows and their paper accepted as a GLO Discussion Paper.
Evaluation
criteria for applications:
Policy relevance of the research question in a local and/or global context.
Research excellence
Potential for capacity development (preference will be given to the applicants for which the GLO Young Scholars Program can bring the highest capacity development, compared to what the applicant would have achieved without being a GLO Young Scholar)
Many
applicants apply in the last days before the submission deadline. To avoid last
minute problems, we ask applicants to
apply in advance. Applications received after the deadline or applications that
do not meet the requirements set out below will not be accepted.
To apply
please complete the online application form with three attachments:
1. Research proposal (maximum 2 pages including references, single-spaced , font size 12) should include the following information:
Formulation of the problem/ research question.
Research methodology (data and empirical approach).
(Potential) Practical/Policy implications.
Reference list.
2. 2-page CV
3. Transcript from the doctoral program or doctoral degree certificate
4. Letter of endorsement for the candidate and the research proposal from either one of the GLO fellows or from the administration of one of the GLO supporting institutions reflecting on the potential of the candidate to benefit from the Program and the merits of the research proposal.
Posted inNews, Teaching|Comments Off on August 22, 2019. GLO Network Supports Young Scholars Through Its ‘Virtual Young Scholars Program (GLO VirtYS)’. Deadline for Applications: September 20, 2019
A new GLO Discussion Papersuggests that foreign aid may reduce asylum inflows from poor countries in the short run, but inflows from less poor economies show a positive but weak relation with aid.
The Global Labor Organization (GLO)
is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that
functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate
global research, debate and collaboration.
Author Abstract: This paper measures the links between aid from 14 rich to 113 developing economies and bilateral asylum applications during years 1993 to 2013. Dynamic panel models and Sys-GMM are used. Results show that asylum applications are related to aid nonlinearly in the level of development of origin countries, in a U-shaped fashion, where only the downward segment proves to be robust to all specifications. Asylum inflows from poor countries are negatively, significantly and robustly associated with aid in the short run, with mixed evidence of more lasting effects, while inflows from less poor economies show a positive but weak relation with aid. Moreover, aid leads to negative cross-donor spillovers. Applications linearly decrease with humanitarian aid. Voluntary immigration is not linked to aid. Overall, the reduction in asylum inflows is stronger when aid disbursements are conditional on economic, institutional and political improvements in the recipient economy.
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on August 22, 2019. How foreign aid affects asylum inflows: It depends on the state of development in the origin countries!
The study using Canadian experiencesfinds that properly structured pro-natal policies can successfully increase fertility among different segments of the population.
Author Abstract: We examine the impact of the Allowance for Newborn Children, a universal baby bonus offered by the Canadian province of Quebec, on birth order, sibship sex composition, income, and education. We find a large response for third- and higher-order births for which the bonus was more generous. Interestingly, though, we find stronger response if there were two previous sons or a previous son and daughter rather than two previous daughters. We also find, in addition to a transitory effect, a permanent effect, with the greatest increase in one daughter-two son families among three-child households. Moreover, we find a hump shape response by income group, with the greatest response from middle-income families. Also, women with at least some post-secondary education respond more to the policy than those with less. These findings suggest that properly structured pro-natal policies can successfully increase fertility among different segments of the population while simultaneously diminishing the effect of gender preferences and fertility disparity related to women’s education.
Read also the Lead Article of issue 4 (2019): Gautam Hazarika, Chandan Kumar & Sudipta Sarangi: “Ancestral ecological endowments and missing women“ Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 32 (2019), Issue 4 (October), pp. 1101-1123 Journal Website, complete issue 4. Paper PDF – OPEN ACCESS. GLO Fellows Gautam Hazarika, Chandan Kumar Jha & Sudipta Sarangi
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on August 21, 2019. Baby bonus as a successful pro-natalist policy? Now published in the Journal of Population Economics.
A new GLO Discussion Paperderives the exact shape of the “hysteretic” impact of changes in the interest rate on macroeconomic investment under scenarios of both certainty and uncertainty. Conclusions deal with the efficacy of central bank’s interest rate policy.
The Global Labor Organization (GLO)
is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that
functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate
global research, debate and collaboration.
Author Abstract: The interest rate is generally considered as an important driver of macroeconomic investment. As an innovation, this paper derives the exact shape of the “hysteretic” impact of changes in the interest rate on macroeconomic investment under the scenarios of both certainty and uncertainty. We capture the direct interest rate-hysteresis on the investments and the capital stock and, explicitly, of stochastic changes on the interest rate-investment hysteresis. Starting with hysteresis effects on a microeconomic level of a single firm, we apply an explicit aggregation procedure to derive the interest rate hysteresis effects on a macroeconomic level. Based on our simple model we are able to obtain some conclusions about the efficacy of a central bank’s interest rate policy, e.g. in times of low or even zero interest rates and high uncertainty, in terms of stimulating macroeconomic investment.
The Editor-in-Chief (Klaus F. Zimmermann) and the Managing Editor (Michaella Vanore) of the Journal of Population Economics met on August 13, 2019 at UNU-MERIT in Maastricht/The Netherlands to discuss the newly available 2019 Editor-in-Chief Report (EiC), celebrated the just published October Issue 4/2019, and made plans for the forthcoming issues 1 + 2, 2020. The EiC report (see also below) indicates that the Journal receives nearly 600 submissions per year, with Impact Factor of 1.26 and an acceptance rate of 7%. It ranks 68 of 2,253 journals listed in RePEc (August 2019). The Journal has its Headquarter at UNU-MERIT and is supported by the GLO network.
The newest issue 4 of October 2019 exhibits an impressive collection of 10 articles in areas (i) Social Remittances, (ii) Demography & Policy and (iii) Development in Family Contexts. The Lead Article Ancestral ecological endowments and missing women by GLO Fellows Gautam Hazarika, Chandan Kumar & Sudipta Sarangi deserves broad attention. It is open access for free over the next few weeks.
The article provides global evidence that there are proportionately more missing women in countries whose ancestral ecological endowments were poorer.
Author Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between ecological endowments in antiquity and contemporary female to male sex ratios in the population. It is found that there are proportionately more missing women in countries whose ancestral ecological endowments were poorer. This relationship is shown to be strong even after ancestral plough use, the timing of the Neolithic Transition, and many other potentially confounding factors are controlled for. Similar results are also obtained using district-level data from India.
EiC Report 2019: The 2019 Editor-in-Chief report is available here:
A new GLO Discussion Paperdisentangle the complex relationships between skill needs and the productivity of Italian companies. Those firms satisfying their skill needs through successful hiring show higher productivity.
The Global Labor Organization (GLO)
is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that
functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate
global research, debate and collaboration.
Author Abstract: Relying on a unique integrated database, this work explores the relationship between labour productivity, on one side; intensity and characteristics of companies’ skills need and degree of skill mismatch, on the other. The analysis focuses on a representative sample of Italian limited liability companies observed during the years 2012, 2014 and 2017. First, companies acknowledging the need to update their knowledge base display a higher productivity vis-à-vis other firms. Second, when it comes to the skill need distinguished by competence/knowledge domains (management, STEM, social and soft skills, technical operatives and humanities) it emerges that companies looking for technical operative and social skills show lower labour productivity as compared to other firms. On the contrary, companies characterized by a need in managerial, STEM or humanities-related skills show higher productivity. Third, the ability to match the skill need via new hiring is always positively correlated with firms’ productivity. This result is confirmed across all the adopted specifications.
Does globalization increases or decreases the size of government (“compensation” versus “efficiency” hypothesis)? The debate is re-visited with innovative bureaucracy and globalization indicators using panel data for the unexplored period 2000-2016. Robust evidence suggests that global competition reduces public employment.
Gözgör, Giray & Bilgin, Mehmet Huseyin & Zimmermann, Klaus F.
GLO Fellows & GLO President
Public Employment Decline in Developing Countries in the 21st Century: The Role of Globalization
Posted inNews, Research|Comments Off on August 19, 2019. Globalization reduces public employment. GLO Discussion Paper now published in “Economics Letters”
A new GLO Discussion Papersuggests that structural shortages of labor in developed countries and effectively unlimited supply of labor in the least developed countries generate unavoidable and indispensable international migrations of increasing size.
The Global Labor Organization (GLO)
is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that
functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate
global research, debate and collaboration.
Author Abstract: Different interpretations of migration confront themselves in the political arena. Considering two factors, necessity and acceptability, the paper identifies four stereotyped visions: the society of the walls, the society of mercy, the society of ghettos, and the society of reason. The first three share the ideological assumption that migration flows are supply determined, that they are pushed by poverty, lack of jobs, and desperation due to the lack of perspectives of a better future. The fourth vision states, based on robust empirical evidence, that migration is determined by a structural shortage of labor that, characterizes an increasing number of developed countries, in the presence of an unlimited supply of labor in the least developed countries. The implication of this idea is that international migrations flows of increasing size are unavoidable and indispensable to both groups of countries. They should reach a political agreement to jointly manage them with mutual advantage. An Annex summarizes previous work of one of the authors updated with recent data and estimates released by UN DESA. It provides a short, critical introduction to the concept of the demographic transition and presents the statistical implications of its most relevant consequence: the demographic polarization of the planet.
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