Klaus F. Zimmermann

The GLO Discussion Paper of the Month of July finds that the inclusion of family workers more than triples the free female labor force participation rate in the 1860 Census of the USA, from 16 percent to 56 percent, which is comparable to today’s rate (57 percent in 2018).

GLO Discussion Papers are research and policy papers of the GLO Network which are widely circulated to encourage discussion. Provided in cooperation with EconStor, a service of the ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, GLO Discussion Papers are among others listed in RePEc (see IDEAS, EconPapers). Complete list of all GLO DPs downloadable for free.

GLO Discussion Paper of the Month: July

GLO DP No. 587 Women at Work in the Pre-Civil War United States: An Analysis of Unreported Family Workers – Download PDF
by Chiswick, Barry R. & Robinson, RaeAnn Halenda

GLO Fellow Barry Chiswick

Author Abstract: Rates of labor force participation in the US in the second half of the nineteenth century among free women were exceedingly (and implausibly) low, about 11 percent. This is due, in part, to social perceptions of working women, cultural and societal expectations of female’s role, and lack of accurate or thorough enumeration by Census officials. This paper develops an augmented free female labor force participation rate for 1860. It is calculated by identifying free women (age 16 and older) who were likely providing informal and unenumerated labor for market production in support of a family business, that is, unreported family workers. These individuals are identified as not having a reported occupation, but are likely to be working on the basis of the self-employment occupation of other relatives in their households. Family workers are classified into three categories: farm, merchant, and craft. The inclusion of this category of workers more than triples the free female labor force participation rate in the 1860 Census, from 16 percent to 56 percent, which is comparable to today’s rate (57 percent in 2018).

GLO Discussion Papers submitted in July 2020

623 Imperfect Mobility – Download PDF
by Cai, Zhengyu

622 Is Covid-19 “The Great Leveler”? The Critical Role of Social Identity in Lockdown-induced Job Losses – Download PDF
by Deshpande, Ashwini & Ramachandran, Rajesh

621 The labour market for native and international PhD students: similarities, differences, and the role of (university) employers – Download PDF
by Tani, Massimiliano

620 Divergence in Labour Force Growth: Should Wages and Prices Grow Faster in Germany? – Download PDF
by Beissinger, Thomas & Hellier, Joël & Marczak, Martyna

619 Health Economics of Genetic Distance – Download PDF
by Jelnov, Pavel

618 Excess Mortality as a Predictor of Mortality Crises: The Case of COVID-19 in Italy – Download PDF
by Ceriani, Lidia & Verme, Paolo

617 Erasmus Exchange Program – A Matter of (Relatively) Older Students – Download PDF
by Carlsson, M. & Fumarco, L. & Gibbs, B. G.

616 The Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on Mobility and Traffic Accidents: Evidence from Louisiana – Download PDF
by Barnes, Stephen R. & Beland, Louis-Philippe & Huh, Jason & Kim, Dongwoo

615 Is labour market discrimination against ethnic minorities better explained by taste or statistics? A systematic review of the empirical evidence – Download PDF
by Lippens, Louis & Baert, Stijn & Ghekiere, Abel  & Verhaeghe, Pieter-Paul & Derous, Eva

614 Unemployment of Unskilled Labor due to COVID-19 led Restriction on Migration and Trade – Download PDF
by Mandal, Biswajit & Chaudhuri, Saswati & Prasad, Alaka Shree

613 Reacting quickly and protecting jobs: The short-term impacts of the COVID-19 lockdown on the Greek labor market – Download PDF
by Betcherman, Gordon & Giannakopoulos, Nicholas & Laliotis, Ioannis & Pantelaiou, Ioanna & Testaverde, Mauro & Tzimas, Giannis

612 As if it weren’t hard enough already: Breaking down hiring discrimination following burnout – Download PDF
by Sterkens, Philippe & Baert, Stijn & Rooman, Claudia & Derous, Eva

611 Ethnic Diversity, Concentration of Political Power and the Curse of Natural Resources – Download PDF
by Wadho, Waqar & Hussain, Sadia

610 The iceberg decomposition: a parsimonious way to map the health of labour markets – Download PDF
by Baert, Stijn

609 Social Remittances – Download PDF
by Tuccio, Michele & Wahba, Jackline

608 A Global City in a Global Pandemic: Assessing the Ongoing Impact of COVID Induced Trends on London’s Economic Sectors – Download PDF
by Anderson, Dylan & Hesketh, Rachel & Kleinman, Mark & Portes, Jonathan

607 The Covid-19 Pandemic and Lockdown: First Order Effects on Gender Gaps in Employment and Domestic Time Use in India – Download PDF
by Deshpande, Ashwini

606 Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Improve Global Air Quality? New Cross-national Evidence on Its Unintended Consequences – Download PDF
by Dang, Hai-Anh H. & Trinh, Trong-Anh

605 The impact of computer-assisted personal interviewing on survey duration, quality, and cost: Evidence from the Viet Nam Labor Force Survey – Download PDF
by Rao, Lakshman Nagraj & Gentile, Elisabetta & Pipon, Dave & Roque, Jude David & Thuy, Vu Thi Thu

604 The Distributional Impact of Recurrent Immovable Property Taxation in Greece – Download PDF
by Andriopoulou, Eirini & Kanavitsa, Eleni & Leventi, Chrysa & Tsakloglou, Panos

603 COVID-19, Race, and Redlining – Download PDF
by Bertocchi, Graziella & Dimico, Arcangelo

602 Wage Losses and Inequality in Developing Countries: labor market and distributional consequences of Covid-19 lockdowns in Turkey – Download PDF
by Duman, Anil

601 A Literature Review of the Economics of COVID-19 – Download PDF
by Brodeur, Abel & Gray, David & Islam, Anik & Bhuiyan, Suraiya Jabeen

600 Does the Rise of Robotic Technology Make People Healthier? – Download PDF
by Gunadi, Christian & Ryu, Hanbyul

599 Assessing the role of women in tourism related sectors in the Caribbean – Download PDF
by Pastore, Francesco & Webster, Allan & Hope, Kevin

598 A Signal of (Train)ability? Grade Repetition and Hiring Chances – Download PDF
by Baert, Stijn & Picchio, Matteo

597 Promoting Female Interest in Economics: Limits to Nudges – Download PDF
by Pugatch, Todd & Schroeder, Elizabeth

596 Sometimes your best just ain’t good enough: The worldwide evidence on subjective well-being efficiency – Download PDF
by Nikolova, Milena & Popova, Olga

595 Stuck at a crossroads? The duration of the Italian school-to-work transition – Download PDF
by Pastore, Francesco & Quintano, Claudio & Rocca, Antonella

594 Childhood Circumstances and Health Inequality in Old Age: Comparative Evidence from China and the United States – Download PDF
by Chen, Xi & Yan, Binjian & Gill, Thomas M.

593 China’s Economic Demography Transition Strategy: A Population Weighted Approach to the Economy and Policy – Download PDF
by Johnston, Lauren A.

592 Economic preferences across generations and family clusters: A large-scale experiment – Download PDF
by Chowdhury, Shyamal & Sutter, Matthias & Zimmermann, Klaus F.

591 Effects of Peers and Rank on Cognition, Preferences, and Personality – Download PDF
by Dasgupta, Utteeyo & Mani, Subha & Sharma, Smriti & Singhal, Saurabh

590 Who Goes on Disability when Times are Tough? The Role of Work Norms among Immigrants – Download PDF
by Furtado, Delia & Papps, Kerry L. & Theodoropoulos, Nikolaos

589 Immigration Policy and Immigrants’ Sleep. Evidence from DACA – Download PDF
by Giuntella, Osea & Lonsky, Jakub & Mazzona, Fabrizio & Stella, Luca

588 Preserving job matches during the COVID-19 pandemic: firm-level evidence on the role of government aid – Download PDF
by Bennedsen, Morten & Larsen, Birthe & Schmutte, Ian & Scur, Daniela

587 Women at Work in the Pre-Civil War United States: An Analysis of Unreported Family Workers – Download PDF
by Chiswick, Barry R. & Robinson, RaeAnn Halenda

586 Trick or treat? The Brexit effect on immigrants’ wellbeing in the UK – Download PDF
by Rienzo, Cinzia

GLO DP Team
Senior Editors: Matloob Piracha (University of Kent) & GLO; Klaus F. Zimmermann (UNU-MERIT, Maastricht University and Bonn University).
Managing Editor: Magdalena Ulceluse, University of Groningen. DP@glabor.org

DP of the Month July

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In GLO Discussion Paper No. 450, GLO Fellows Stepan Jurajda and Dejan Kovač have recently provided research evidence revealing that given first names of leaders from World War II can predict behavior in the 1991-1995 Croatian war of independence and beyond in society including voting. It provides hard evidence for intergenerational transmission of nationalism. This research work has found already much interest in the scientific community and beyond. It is now published online first in the Journal of Population Economics (see details and access link below). Recently, the authors were interviewed by GLO about the background and context of this research.

Stepan Jurajda & Dejan Kovač: Names and Behavior in a War, GLO Discussion Paper 450, 2020. Online First: Journal of Population Economics.
Click to read: READLINK!

Abstract

We implement a novel empirical strategy for measuring and studying a strong form of nationalism—the willingness to fight and die in a war for national independence—using name choices corresponding to a previous war leader. Based on data on almost half a million soldiers, we first show that having been given a first name that is synonymous with the leader(s) of the Croatian state during World War II predicts volunteering for service in the 1991–1995 Croatian war of independence and dying during the conflict. Next, we use the universe of Croatian birth certificates and the information about nationalism conveyed by first names to suggests that in ex-Yugoslav Croatia, nationalism rose continuously starting in the 1970s and that its rise was curbed in areas where concentration camps were located during WWII. Our evidence on intergenerational transmission of nationalism is consistent with nationalist fathers purposefully reflecting the trade-off between within-family and society-wide transmission channels of political values. We also link the nationalist values we proxy using first name choices to right-wing voting behavior in 2015, 20 years after the war.

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A new GLO Discussion Paper uses a Markov chain to model the spatial dynamics of the population distribution for microdata from the American Community Survey.

The Global Labor Organization (GLO) is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate global research, debate and collaboration.

GLO Discussion Paper No. 623, 2020

Imperfect Mobility – Download PDF
by Cai, Zhengyu

GLO Fellow Zhengyu Cai

Author Abstract: This study investigates why the strong form of the spatial equilibrium is weakly supported in the literature. Using a discrete choice model, it shows that the strong form of the spatial equilibrium is rarely observed because workers are imperfectly mobile from the perspective of researchers. Incorporating the discrete choice model, a Markov chain is used to model the spatial dynamics of the population distribution. For a given location choice set, the population distribution is shown to converge to a unique spatial steady state. Microdata from the American Community Survey show that the model assumption is reasonable and support the model predictions.

GLO Discussion Papers are research and policy papers of the GLO Network which are widely circulated to encourage discussion. Provided in cooperation with EconStor, a service of the ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, GLO Discussion Papers are among others listed in RePEc (see IDEAS,  EconPapers). Complete list of all GLO DPs – downloadable for free.

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A new GLO Discussion Paper studies the Australian labor market for native and foreign students and finds that acquiring education in the host country does not appear to eliminate uneven labor market outcomes between natives and foreigners.

The Global Labor Organization (GLO) is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate global research, debate and collaboration.

GLO Discussion Paper No. 621, 2020

The labour market for native and international PhD students: similarities, differences, and the role of (university) employers – Download PDF
by Tani, Massimiliano

GLO Fellow Max Tani

Author Abstract: This paper studies the labor market outcomes of native and foreign PhD graduates staying as migrants in Australia, using data on career destinations over the period 1999-2015. Natives with an English-speaking background emerge as benefiting from positive employer discrimination, especially if graduating in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), for which they receive a premium that is unrelated to observed characteristics such as gender, age, and previous work experience. In contrast, foreign PhD graduates with a non-English speaking background experience worse labor market outcomes, especially if they work in the university sector. Acquiring education in the host country does not appear to eliminate uneven labor market outcomes between natives and foreigners.

GLO Discussion Papers are research and policy papers of the GLO Network which are widely circulated to encourage discussion. Provided in cooperation with EconStor, a service of the ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, GLO Discussion Papers are among others listed in RePEc (see IDEAS,  EconPapers). Complete list of all GLO DPs – downloadable for free.

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A new GLO Discussion Paper presents a model which shows that wages, prices and real income should grow faster in countries with low increase in their labor force.

The Global Labor Organization (GLO) is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate global research, debate and collaboration.

GLO Discussion Paper No. 620, 2020

Divergence in Labour Force Growth: Should Wages and Prices Grow Faster in Germany? – Download PDF
by Beissinger, Thomas & Hellier, Joël & Marczak, Martyna

GLO Fellow Thomas Beissinger

Author Abstract: We develop a model which shows that wages, prices and real income should grow faster in countries with low increase in their labor force. If not, other countries experience growing unemployment and/or trade deficit. This result is applied to the case of Germany, which has displayed a significantly lower increase in its labour force than its trade partners, except in the moment of the reunification. By assuming that goods are differentiated according to their country of origin (Armington’s hypothesis), a low growth of the working population constrains the production of German goods, which entails an increase in their prices and in German wages. This mechanism is magnified by the low price elasticity of the demand for German goods. Hence, the German policy of wage moderation could severely constrain other countries’ policy options. The simulations of an extended model which encompasses offshoring to emerging countries and labor market imperfections suggest that (i) the impact of differences in labor force growth upon unemployment in Eurozone countries has been significant and (ii) the German demographic shock following unification could explain a large part of the 1995-2005 German economic turmoil.

GLO Discussion Papers are research and policy papers of the GLO Network which are widely circulated to encourage discussion. Provided in cooperation with EconStor, a service of the ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, GLO Discussion Papers are among others listed in RePEc (see IDEAS,  EconPapers). Complete list of all GLO DPs – downloadable for free.

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A new GLO Discussion Paper presents a model where better-off individuals mate genetically close partners, and then use wealth to treat their children’s health problems.

The Global Labor Organization (GLO) is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate global research, debate and collaboration.

GLO Discussion Paper No. 619, 2020

Health Economics of Genetic Distance – Download PDF
by Jelnov, Pavel

GLO Fellow Pavel Jelnov

Author Abstract: In this note, I address the trade-off between children’s health and parental preference toward similarity with children. In my model, better-off individuals mate genetically close partners and then use wealth to treat their children’s health problems, caused by inbreeding depression. As a result, the relationship between parental wealth and children’s health includes decreasing portions. Siblings health inequality is also nonmonotonically related to parental wealth, if parents discriminate in favor of more similar children.

GLO Discussion Papers are research and policy papers of the GLO Network which are widely circulated to encourage discussion. Provided in cooperation with EconStor, a service of the ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, GLO Discussion Papers are among others listed in RePEc (see IDEAS,  EconPapers). Complete list of all GLO DPs – downloadable for free.

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A new GLO Discussion Paper finds that all caste groups lost jobs in the first month of the Covid-19 lockdown, the job losses for lowest-ranked caste are greater by factor of three.

The Global Labor Organization (GLO) is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate global research, debate and collaboration.

GLO Discussion Paper No. 622, 2020

Is Covid-19 “The Great Leveler”? The Critical Role of Social Identity in Lockdown-induced Job Losses – Download PDF
by Deshpande, Ashwini & Ramachandran, Rajesh

GLO Fellow Ashwini Deshpande

Author Abstract: Using nationally representative panel data for 21,799 individuals between May 2018 and April 2020, this paper investigates whether the Covid-19 pandemic was indeed a “Great Leveler” in the sense that it imposed similar and equivalent labour market shocks on different caste groups. We find that while all caste groups lost jobs in the first month of the lockdown, the job losses for lowest-ranked caste are greater by factor of three. The data shows that the disproportionate effects stems from lower levels of human capital and over-representation in vulnerable jobs for the lowest ranked caste groups in the country.

More from the GLO Coronavirus Cluster

GLO Discussion Papers are research and policy papers of the GLO Network which are widely circulated to encourage discussion. Provided in cooperation with EconStor, a service of the ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, GLO Discussion Papers are among others listed in RePEc (see IDEAS,  EconPapers). Complete list of all GLO DPs – downloadable for free.

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A new GLO Discussion Paper using mortality data for Italy finds that the growth in total mortality rates can potentially be used as a statistically reliable predictor of mortality crises.

The Global Labor Organization (GLO) is an independent, non-partisan and non-governmental organization that functions as an international network and virtual platform to stimulate global research, debate and collaboration.

GLO Discussion Paper No. 618, 2020

Excess Mortality as a Predictor of Mortality Crises: The Case of COVID-19 in Italy – Download PDF
by Ceriani, Lidia & Verme, Paolo

GLO Fellow Paolo Verme

Author Abstract: The paper provides initial evidence that excess mortality rates by locality can be used as a statistically reliable predictor of looming mortality crises. Using recently published daily deaths figures for 7,357 Italian municipalities, we estimate the growth in daily mortality rates between the period 2015-2019 and 2020 by province. All provinces that experienced a major mortality shock in mid-March 2020 had increases in mortality rates of 100% or above already in mid-February 2020. This increase was particularly strong for males and older people, two recognizable features of COVID-19. Using panel data models, we find a strong positive and significant association between overall deaths and COVID-19 related deaths, and between early increases in mortality rates in February 2020 for any cause and the March 2020 outbreak in COVID-19 deaths. We conclude that the growth in mortality rates can potentially be used as a statistically reliable predictor of mortality crises, including COVID- 19 crises.

More from the GLO Coronavirus Cluster

GLO Discussion Papers are research and policy papers of the GLO Network which are widely circulated to encourage discussion. Provided in cooperation with EconStor, a service of the ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, GLO Discussion Papers are among others listed in RePEc (see IDEAS,  EconPapers). Complete list of all GLO DPs – downloadable for free.

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